Easy Way to Construct Vector Forces Polygon and Matlab

After reading the MATLAB vector topic, you will able to implement row vectors and column vectors in MATLAB, you will understand vector types, theory, examples, and vector handling built-in Functions .

A MATLAB vector is a one-dimensional array of numbers. Square brackets are used for defining Vector in MATLAB. The semi-colon is used within the square brackets for separating the rows, and space or comma used within the square brackets for separating the elements.

MATLAB – Vectors types

In MATLAB we can create vector either in the row or in the column and we can say MATLAB allow us to type vectors in two types

• Row Vectors
• Column Vectors

MATLAB – Row Vectors

An array having only one row and any numbers of columns.

General Form:

x = [a1 a2 a3]

or

x = [a1, a2, a3]

The Row vectors x is created by typing elements a1, a2 and a3 within the square brackets and use comma or space for separating the elements.

Example

Aim (1): To create Row vector x having elements 2,3 and 5.

Program (1):

x=[2 3 5]

Output (1):

x =      2     3     5

or

Program (1):

x=[2,3,5]

Output (1):

x =      2     3     5

MATLAB – Column Vectors

An array having only one column and any numbers of rows.

General Form:

x = [a1; a2; a3]

The column vector x is created by typing elements a1, a2 and a3 within the square brackets and use the semicolon for separating the rows.

Example

Aim (1): To create Column vector x having elements 2,3 and 5.

Program (1):

x=[2;3;5]

Output (1)

x =      2     3     5

Selecting a single Element of a Vector

General Form:

c = x(i)

The variable c stores the element at position i^th of vector x.

Example

Aim (1): To create row vector x having elements as shown below and also extract the element present at the 2^nd position of row vector x.

The elements of vector x are 1, 30 and 20.

Program (1):

x=[1,30,20]  c=x(2)

Output (1)

x =       1    30    20  c =      30

Selecting all Elements of a Vector

Using colon: operator, the whole vector elements can be accessed.

General Form:

c = x(:)

The variable c stores all the elements of vector x.

Example

Aim (1): To create row vector x having elements as shown below and also extract all the element in row vector x.

Program (1):

x=[1,30,20]  c=x(:)

Output (1)

x =  1    30    20  c =  1  30  20

Explanation

• statement c=x(:) access all the elements of a row vector.

Selecting the range of Elements of a Vector

Consider the statements in MATLAB is given by

% storing items 2,3 and 4 in a vector and print them.  x = [2,3,4,5,6]   x[1:3]

Output

x =  2     3     4     5     6  ans =  2     3     4

Changing Elements of a Vector

Consider the statements in MATLAB is given by

% storing items 2,3 and 4 in a vector and print them.  x = [2,3,4]   x[1]=5

Output

x =  2     3     4  x =  5     3     4

Adding element to a Vector

Elements can be added to an existing vector.

% storing items 2,3 and 4 in a vector and print them.  x = [2,3,4]   x[4]=5

output

x =  2     3     4  x =  2     3     4     5

Appending Vector to a Vector

Two or more vectors can be joined and results in a single vector.

% storing items 2,3 and 4 in a vector x and print them.  x = [2,3]   y = [21,32]   z=[x y]

output

x =  2     3  y =  21    32  z =  2     3    21    32

Deleting element of a Vector

Elements can be removed from an existing vector.

% storing items 2,3 and 4 in a vector and print them.  x = [2,3,4]   x(2)=[]

output

x =  2     3     4  x =  2     4

Deleting all Elements of a Vector

Using colon: operator, the whole vector elements can be deleted.

Example

Aim (1): To create row vector x having elements as shown below and also extract all the element in row vector x.

Program (1):

x=[1,30,20]  x(:)=[]

Output (1)

x =  []

Explanation

• statement x(:)=[] removes all the elements of a row vector.

Deleting the range of Elements of a Vector

Consider the statements in MATLAB is given by

% storing items 2,3 and 4 in a vector and print them.  x = [2,3,4,5,6]   x(1:3)=[]

Output

x =  2     3     4     5     6  x =  5     6

Vector handling built-in Functions

Some of commonly used vector handling functions like length(), size(), sort(), min() and max().

length() : This function gives the total number of items in a vector.

Consider the statements in MATLAB is given by

% storing items 2,3 and 4 in a vector and print them.  x = [2,3,4,5,6]   c=length(x)

Output

x =  2     3     4     5     6  c =  5

size() : This function gives total numbers of rows and columns in a vector.

% storing items 2,3 and 4 in a vector and print them.  x = [2,3,4,5,6]    c=size(x)

Output

x =  2     3     4     5     6  c =  1     5

sort() : This function arranges all the elements of a vector in ascending order.

% storing items 2,3 and 4 in a vector and print them.  x = [22,13,14,52,6]   c=sort(x)

Output

x =  22    13    14    52     6  c =  6    13    14    22    52

max() : This function gives the largest item in the vector.

% storing items 2,3 and 4 in the vector  x = [12,3,4];   max(x)

Output

12

min() : This function gives the smallest item in the vector.

% storing items 2,3 and 4 in the vector  x = [12,3,4];   min(x)

Output

3

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Source: https://electricalworkbook.com/matlab-vector/

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